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目的了解上海市宝山区焊接作业场所中电焊烟尘、锰及其无机化合物浓度情况。方法以个体采样方法采集电焊烟尘和锰及其无机化合物,分别采用滤膜称重法和火焰原子吸收光谱法分别进行检测。结果分别对91名焊工和47名焊工进行电焊烟尘和锰及其无机化合物个体采样,结果 28人(30.8%)电焊烟尘时间加权平均(TWA)浓度超过国家职业接触限值,14人(29.8%)锰及其化合物浓度超过国家职业接触限值。CO2气保焊组电焊烟尘TWA均值为5.22 mg/m3,是其他焊接组TWA均值的2.8倍,锰及其无机化合物TWA均值为0.221 mg/m3,是其他焊接组TWA均值的2.7倍。结论 CO2气保焊岗位电焊烟尘、锰及其无机化合物职业危害都较严重。工厂企业应加强职业卫生管理,改善工作环境,为焊工配备有效的个人防护用品,以保障工人身体健康。
Objective To understand the concentration of welding fume, manganese and their inorganic compounds in the welding work site of Baoshan District, Shanghai. Methods Soldering fumes, manganese, and inorganic compounds were collected by individual sampling method, and were respectively detected by membrane filtration and flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Results A total of 91 welders and 47 welders were sampled for welding fume and manganese and their inorganic compounds. The results showed that the time-weighted average TWA concentrations of 28 (30.8%) welding fumes exceed the national occupational exposure limit, and 14 (29.8% ) Manganese and its compounds exceed the national occupational exposure limits. The CO2 TWA mean TWA was 5.22 mg / m3, 2.8 times the TWA average of other welding groups, and the average TWA of manganese and its inorganic compounds was 0.221 mg / m3, which was 2.7 times the TWA of other welding groups. Conclusion The occupational hazards of welding fume, manganese and their inorganic compounds in CO2 gas welding are worse. Factories and companies should strengthen occupational health management, improve the working environment for the welder with effective personal protective equipment to protect the health of workers.