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受害者心理是受伤害的经历和后果变成受害者性格因素的一种状态。受害者心理多源于受伤害、受迫害的经历,并与社会建构有着一定联系。外在归因心态、自我中心主义心态、过度防卫心态、报复心态和被包围心态是集体受害者心理的主要表现。受害者身份可能给受害者带来收益,这是受害者心理所期待的,由此也导致了“受害者竞赛”的出现。在世界政治舞台上,民族群体的集体受害者心理是民族冲突的重要诱因。因此,走出受害者心理成为必要。本文将以北爱尔兰问题中的受害者心理为典型案例进行分析。
The victim’s psychology is a condition of the injured person’s experience and the consequence of becoming a victim’s personality. Victim psychology stems from the experience of being harmed and persecuted, and has some connection with social construction. External attribution psychology, egocentrism, over-defense mentality, retaliation mentality and besieged mentality are the main manifestations of the collective victim mentality. Victim identity may bring benefits to the victims, which is what the victim mentally looks forward to, leading to the emergence of a “victim contest.” In the world political arena, the collective victim mentality of ethnic groups is an important inducement for ethnic conflicts. Therefore, it is necessary to get out of the victim’s mind. This article will analyze the victim psychology in Northern Ireland as a typical case.