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石油、天然气、煤是我国的三大消费能源,其中煤占据主导。西北地区煤炭储量占据我国4/5的煤炭探明量,为西部大开发提供了能源支撑。其中浅埋煤层分布也较广阔,比如神府东胜煤田为我国最大煤田浅埋深分布区。在浅埋煤层开采时易出现切落实破坏,亚毁支护设备;开采地表裂缝丛生,使得河溪断流、井泉干涸,加剧土地荒漠化。所以,做好浅埋煤层长壁开采的顶板动态结构研究,为更好有效的控制顶板提供强有力的依据。
Oil, natural gas and coal are the three major consumer energy sources in China, of which coal is the dominant factor. Northwest China’s coal reserves account for 4/5 of China’s proven coal, which provides energy support for the development of the western region. Among them, shallow coal seam is also widely distributed, for example, Shenfu Dongsheng coalfield is the shallow depth and deep distribution area of China’s largest coalfield. During the process of shallow coal seam mining, it is easy to cut down and destroy the equipment and damage the supporting equipment. The ground surface cracks in the mining area make the rivers break off and the Jingquan dry up, aggravating the desertification of the land. Therefore, the study of roof dynamic structure of shallow seam longwall mining is a good basis for better and effective control of roof.