选用4种不同结构类型的插层剂对3种具有不同结构特性的蒙脱石(MMT)进行了有机化插层改性,采用X-射线衍射研究了插层剂与MMT的结构对不同MMT插层改性的影响。结果表明:带有双烷基链的插层剂的插层效果要远远优于单烷基分子链的插层剂,MMT层间距相比增大了2.65～3.67 nm。单烷基链插层剂较易进入MMT层间,层间距的变化受MMT本身的结构特性影响较小;而选用双烷基链插层剂时,MMT本身的结构特性对其层间距变化的影响较大,不规整的层间结构和较小的层间距限制了插层剂分子进入MMT层间。插层剂中含有的苄基对不同MMT层间距的影响表现出较大的差异性。 Three intercalation agents of different structure types were chosen to modify three kinds of montmorillonite (MMT) with different structural characteristics. The structures of intercalation agent and MMT were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) The effect of intercalation modification. The results show that the intercalation agent with double alkyl chains has much better intercalation effect than single alkyl chains, and the distance between MMT layers increases by 2.65-3.67 nm. The MMT intercalation agent is easier to enter the interlayer of MMT, and the variation of interlayer spacing is less affected by the structural characteristics of MMT itself. When the alkyl chain intercalation agent is selected, the structural properties of MMT itself vary with the interlayer spacing The larger, less-than-uniform interlayer structure and the smaller interlayer spacing limit the insertion of intercalator molecules into the MMT layer. The effect of benzyl group contained in the intercalation agent on the spacing of different MMT layers shows great difference.