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目的了解2013年山东省疟疾疫情现状,为进一步制定有针对性的防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集2013年山东省疟疾疫情资料及病例个案调查资料,对2013年疟疾疫情流行病学特征及病例诊治情况进行统计分析。结果 2013年山东省共报告疟疾病例131例,均为境外输入性病例;其中恶性疟116例,占88.55%;由非洲输入的病例127例,占96.95%。131例病例中男性128例,占97.71%;平均年龄为39岁;职业以农民为主,占61.83%(81例);文化程度以初中为主,占65.65%(86例)。按地区分布统计,病例数居前三位的地级市依次为泰安市32例、烟台市19例、威海市17例,3个市占山东籍病例数的53.13%。2013年全年均有病例报告,无明显季节特征。从发病到就诊时间中位数为4 d;从就诊到确诊时间中位数为1 d;35.88%(47例)的病例初次就诊时被诊断为其他疾病。所有病例均为实验室确诊病例,均得到规范的抗疟治疗。结论 2013年山东省的疟疾病例均为境外输入病例。需通过多部门合作、加强出境人员健康教育、入境人员疟疾筛查及疟疾诊治技能培训等措施以控制输入性疟疾疫情。
Objective To understand the current situation of malaria in Shandong Province in 2013 and provide scientific basis for further formulation of targeted prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods The malaria epidemic situation data and case investigation data collected in 2013 in Shandong Province were collected. The epidemiological characteristics of malaria in 2013 and the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 131 malaria cases were reported in Shandong Province in 2013, both of which were imported cases. Of these, 116 cases were Plasmodium falciparum (88.55%), and 127 cases were imported from Africa (96.95%). Among 131 cases, 128 were male, accounting for 97.71%. The average age was 39 years old. The main occupation was peasants, accounting for 61.83% (81 cases). The main education level was middle school, accounting for 65.65% (86 cases). By geographical distribution statistics, the top three cities with the highest number of cases are 32 in Tai’an, 19 in Yantai, 17 in Weihai and 53.13% in Shandong. There are case reports for the whole year of 2013, with no obvious seasonal characteristics. The median time from onset to treatment was 4 days; the median time from diagnosis to diagnosis was 1 day; and 35.88% (47 cases) were diagnosed as other diseases on first visit. All cases were laboratory confirmed cases, have been standardized anti-malarial treatment. Conclusion The malaria cases in Shandong Province in 2013 were all imported cases. Measures such as health education for outbound personnel, malaria screening for entry workers and skill training in diagnosis and treatment of malaria should be stepped up through multisectoral cooperation so as to control the outbreak of imported malaria.