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目的：检测B7-H4受体在B细胞表面的表达，研究B7-H4蛋白对细胞增殖和细胞凋亡的影响，探讨B7-H4通过未知受体传递的下游信号机制。方法分选扁桃体中CD19+B细胞，流式细胞术检测CD19+B细胞的受体的表达情况；采用CCK8法和annexinⅤ/PI凋亡试剂盒分别检测细胞增殖和细胞凋亡；进一步采用Western blot检测凋亡信号通路的AKT、MAPK信号通路的磷酸化变化。结果 CD19+B细胞表面存在B7-H4未知受体，经LPS与anti-CD40刺激受体表达增加；B7-H4蛋白抑制B细胞增殖，促进B细胞的凋亡，并抑制AKT和MAPK的信号通路。结论 B7-H4蛋白通过B细胞表面表达的受体促进细胞凋亡，这为B7-H4未知受体的寻找及其进一步介导的信号研究奠定了理论基础。“,”Objective To analyze the expression of B7-H4 unknown receptor on B cells, and investigate the effect of B7-H4 protein on cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as the mechanism of B7-H4 signal through the unknown receptor.Methods The CD19+B cells were separated and sorted from tonsil usingfi coll and magnetic beads. The unknown receptor was detected byfl ow cytometry. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by CCK8 and annexinⅤ/PI staining kit. The phosphorylation level of AKT and MAPK were detected by Western blot.Results The expression of B7-H4 was detected on the surface of B cells and induced by LPS and anti-CD40 mAb stimulation. B7-H4 could inhibit B cell proliferation and improve cell apoptosis rate, may through the AKT and MAPK signal pathway.Conclusion B7-H4 could induce B cell apoptosis through the unknown receptor. This study could be the basis for the research of B7-H4 unknown receptor and the mechanism of the B7-H4 function.