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在一架暴露于室外环境的全尺寸MD-82型飞机上建立了一个客机座舱实验平台,用来验证数值模拟模型的准确性和研究座舱气流组织。为了获得机舱稳态热边界条件,在飞机外表面铺设闭孔海绵保温材料,并通过地面空调机组向座舱内提供恒温空调送风,辅以模拟真人发热的假人模型。采用一套热电偶系统测量热边界条件,并建立了一维非稳态导热数值计算模型,对夏季室外条件下平台热边界进行预测。实测和数值模拟结果都证明,每一个实验日内座舱内壁面的热边界温度值波动都小于±0.25℃;但不同月份间壁面温度的变化值超过±1℃。因此需合理安排夏季实验日程,以避免室外高温导致的实验误差。
A pilot cabin cockpit platform was set up on a full-size MD-82 aircraft exposed to the outdoor environment to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation model and to study cockpit airflow organization. In order to obtain the steady thermal boundary condition of the engine room, a closed-cell sponge insulation material is laid on the outer surface of the aircraft and a constant temperature air-conditioning air supply is provided to the cockpit through the ground air conditioning unit, which is complemented by a dummy model simulating a human being’s fever. A thermocouple system was used to measure the thermal boundary conditions. A one-dimensional numerical model of unsteady thermal conductivity was established to predict the thermal boundary of the platform in summer under outdoor conditions. The measured and numerical simulation results show that the thermal boundary temperature fluctuations of the inner wall of cockpit are less than ± 0.25 ℃ within each experimental day; however, the variation of wall temperature exceeds ± 1 ℃ in different months. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange the summer experimental schedule rationally to avoid the experimental error caused by the outdoor high temperature.