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不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词when, how, where等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。现将这种用法归纳如下。
一、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构有两种形式：
1. “疑问词＋to＋动词原形”
I don’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。
Can you tell me how to make a paper boat？ 你能告诉我怎样做一只纸船吗？
2. “疑问词＋名词＋to＋动词原形”
I don’t know which topic to choose. 我不知道选哪个题目。
二、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词how, when, where等。这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，这种结构可在句子中作以下成分：
1. 主语
Where to stay for the night is a problem. 晚上在哪儿过夜还是个问题。
2. 宾语
We must know how to operate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。
In one of his books, Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.在马克思的一本书中，他对如何学习一门外语提出了一些建议。（作介词on的宾语）
3. 表语
The question is which to choose. 问题是选哪个。
4. 同位语
The problem what to send them is unknown. 送什么给他们这个问题还不知道。
三、“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：
Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the bookshop？
= Excuse me. Can you tell me how I can get to the bookshop？
四、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, wonder, discuss, remember, forget, find out等动词（词组）之后作宾语。例如：
The teacher told the students how to do the experiment. 老师教学生如何做实验。（句中 told含有taught的意思）
The young woman doesn’t know what to do. 那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。（句中what不能改换成how）
He tells me how to answer all the questions in English. 他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。（句中的how不能省去）
五、如何表达“怎么办”
在翻译“怎么办”时，许多同学译成how to do，实际上是犯了汉语式英语的错误，“怎么办”的实际意义是“做些什么”，故应用代词what作动词do的宾语，而不用副词how。只有在表达“怎样做这件事”时才说how to do it。
[巩固练习]
I. 单项填空。
( ) 1. I’m going on a field trip but I haven’t decided__________. (2007年河南)
A. what to doB. to do what
C. where to go D. to go where
( ) 2. —This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ________， Wang Lin？
—Sure. (2008年陕西)
A. what to work it out
B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out
D. how to work out it
( )3. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ________ buy a digital camera？ (2007年安徽)
A. what toB. where to
C. what I canD. where can I
II. 用“疑问词＋不定式”改写下列句子。
4.How we should do it was discussed last night.
__________ was discussed last night.
5. I didn’t know where I should go.
I didn’t know ____________.
6. The difficulty was how we should cross the river.
The difficulty was ____________ .
III. 根据汉语补全下列英语译文。
7. 何时动身还不知道。
____________ is unknown.
8. 我忘了该怎么办。
I forgot___________.
9. 我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。
I can tell you_________.
Keys:
I. 1-3 CCB
II. 4. How to do it 5. where to go
6. how to cross the river
III. 7. When to start 8. what to do 9. where to buy(get) this book
一、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构有两种形式：
1. “疑问词＋to＋动词原形”
I don’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。
Can you tell me how to make a paper boat？ 你能告诉我怎样做一只纸船吗？
2. “疑问词＋名词＋to＋动词原形”
I don’t know which topic to choose. 我不知道选哪个题目。
二、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词how, when, where等。这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语，这种结构可在句子中作以下成分：
1. 主语
Where to stay for the night is a problem. 晚上在哪儿过夜还是个问题。
2. 宾语
We must know how to operate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。
In one of his books, Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.在马克思的一本书中，他对如何学习一门外语提出了一些建议。（作介词on的宾语）
3. 表语
The question is which to choose. 问题是选哪个。
4. 同位语
The problem what to send them is unknown. 送什么给他们这个问题还不知道。
三、“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：
Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the bookshop？
= Excuse me. Can you tell me how I can get to the bookshop？
四、“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构经常放在tell, show, teach, learn, know, wonder, discuss, remember, forget, find out等动词（词组）之后作宾语。例如：
The teacher told the students how to do the experiment. 老师教学生如何做实验。（句中 told含有taught的意思）
The young woman doesn’t know what to do. 那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。（句中what不能改换成how）
He tells me how to answer all the questions in English. 他告诉我怎样用英语回答所有的问题。（句中的how不能省去）
五、如何表达“怎么办”
在翻译“怎么办”时，许多同学译成how to do，实际上是犯了汉语式英语的错误，“怎么办”的实际意义是“做些什么”，故应用代词what作动词do的宾语，而不用副词how。只有在表达“怎样做这件事”时才说how to do it。
[巩固练习]
I. 单项填空。
( ) 1. I’m going on a field trip but I haven’t decided__________. (2007年河南)
A. what to doB. to do what
C. where to go D. to go where
( ) 2. —This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ________， Wang Lin？
—Sure. (2008年陕西)
A. what to work it out
B. what to work out it
C. how to work it out
D. how to work out it
( )3. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ________ buy a digital camera？ (2007年安徽)
A. what toB. where to
C. what I canD. where can I
II. 用“疑问词＋不定式”改写下列句子。
4.How we should do it was discussed last night.
__________ was discussed last night.
5. I didn’t know where I should go.
I didn’t know ____________.
6. The difficulty was how we should cross the river.
The difficulty was ____________ .
III. 根据汉语补全下列英语译文。
7. 何时动身还不知道。
____________ is unknown.
8. 我忘了该怎么办。
I forgot___________.
9. 我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。
I can tell you_________.
Keys:
I. 1-3 CCB
II. 4. How to do it 5. where to go
6. how to cross the river
III. 7. When to start 8. what to do 9. where to buy(get) this book