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Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi illustrated China’s foreign policy and external relations at a press conference on March 9 during the First Session of the 12th National People’s Congress， the nation’s annual parliamentary session. Edited highlights follow：
International Effort
As world multi-polarity， economic globalization and scientific and technological advancement gather momentum， countries have become more interdependent as their interests more closely entwine. We all live in a global village. As we travel along， we must sit together as passengers in the same boat rather than trying to crowd each other out.
Compared with what we had last century， we believe that the international multilateral system in the 21st century should become more representative， more just and more result-oriented. China has participated in and contributed to the building of the international system， and we will be more actively involved in international affairs.
China supports multilateral meetings to be held this year， including the Group of 20 （G20） Summit in St. Petersburg， Russia， and the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Bali， Indonesia.
We hope the G20 and its summit will focus on growth and employment， continue to push forward reforms in the international financial system， improve the multilateral trading regime and address development issues on a priority basis.
We are optimistic that the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting will make committed efforts to promote sustainable and fair growth， push forward regional connectivity and advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation， as well as economic and technological cooperation， in a balanced manner.
Sino-Russian Potential
China and Russia are each other’s biggest neighbors， seeing in one another significant opportunities for development and a priority partner for cooperation.
We would like to join hands with Russia， and take the opportunity presented by the upcoming visit of China’s new president to Russia to inject a strong impetus to the comprehensive Sino-Russian strategic partnership.
Disputes With Japan
A long-term， sound and stable China-Japan relationship serves the fundamental interests of both nations. We are willing to promote strategic and mutually beneficial China-Japan ties on the basis of the four political documents signed by both countries.
We have urged Japan to make concrete efforts to improve its relations with China and play a positive and responsible role to maintain peace， stability and development in the region. Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands have been China’s inherent territory since ancient times. The root cause of the Diaoyu Islands issue lies in Japan’s illegal seizure and occupation of China’s territory. The current situation has been single-handedly caused by the Japanese side. The actions of Japan have violated China’s territorial sovereignty， posed a challenge to the outcome of the victory of the World War II and the postwar international order， greatly damaged China-Japan relations and undermined stability in the region.
The firm measures taken by the Chinese side have shown the will and resolve of the Chinese Government and the Chinese people to defend our territorial sovereignty. The Japanese side needs to face the reality， take real steps to correct its mistakes and work with China to properly handle and resolve the relevant issues through dialogue and consultations to prevent the situation from further escalating or even getting out of control.
Japan should correctly recognize and reflect on its history and take that as an important foundation for China-Japan relations. The war of aggression waged by Japanese militarists brought untold suffering to the people of China and other victimized Asian countries. Only by respecting history and showing remorse regarding that episode of history can Japan develop good relations with its Asian neighbors.
Working With the United States
The Sino-U.S. relationship has on the whole maintained a momentum of steady development in recent years thanks to the joint efforts of both countries.
We welcome a constructive role of the United States in the Asia Pacific， but at the same time the United States needs to respect China’s interests and concerns in the region. The U.S. side， in particular， needs to properly handle Taiwan and other sensitive issues.
We hope the United States will work with China to build a new type of major-country relationship between the world’s two biggest economies. Today， in the 21st century， our world is confronted with many problems and challenges. It is all the more important now for China and the United States to show big vision and strong courage， seek common ground while shelving differences and work together to build a relationship that is inspiring for the next generation and for generations to come.
Korean Peninsula Tensions
The third nuclear test by North Korea and the once again heightened tensions on the peninsula are not something we want to see. China holds that sanctions are not the end of the UN Security Council’s actions， nor are they the fundamental way to solve the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue. The only correct solution to the issue is to hold negotiations and resolve all parties’ concerns in a comprehensive and balanced way.
The proper handling of the nuclear issue， safeguarding peace and stability and preventing turmoil or even a conflict on the peninsula serve the common interests of all parties. They are also the shared responsibilities of all involved. We call on all parties concerned to bear in mind the larger interest， remain calm， exercise restraint， and refrain from making any moves that may further worsen the situation.
EU Partnership
The relationship between China and the EU is one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world today. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and the EU. In the latter half of this year， the two sides will hold the 16th China-EU Summit and discuss an institutional framework for their medium- to longterm cooperation. We will also step up collaboration in areas such as urbanization， new energy sources， scientific and technological innovation and green development.
China is opposed to trade protectionism. It opposes the EU’s anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigation against Chinese photovoltaic products. We urge the EU to properly handle related issues through dialogue and consultation.
We have full confidence in the future of Europe. China has been a firm supporter of Europe’s efforts in dealing with the debt crisis. We hope and believe that Europe can turn the crisis into opportunities and make new progress in its development.
The Developing World
The strategic partnership between China and Africa has developed quickly over the years， and the two sides are now actively implementing the follow-up actions to the Fifth Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.
China and Africa will particularly focus on promoting cooperation in such fields as investment， finance， assistance， African integration， cultural exchanges and peace and security in Africa.
We hope that all parties can view China-Africa cooperation in an objective manner， and respect African friends’ choices in terms of their cooperative partners. Many other countries are advancing their cooperation with Africa， and China welcomes such cooperation. China is devoted to the establishment and development of comprehensive and cooperative partnerships with Latin American and Caribbean countries. It is willing to develop cooperation of all kinds with regional blocs like the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States， and promote the establishment of a forum on China-Latin America cooperation.
Neighborly Ties
The situation in China’s neighboring regions， though becoming increasingly complex， has remained generally stable， and relations between China and its neighbors are continuing to develop.
China has established strategic partnerships with most neighboring countries， making more than 100 high-level official visits last year. It would not be surprising to see 200 or even 300 such visits next year. As neighbors， our relations will become closer with greater exchanges.
China’s trade with neighboring countries exceeded the total that China had with Europe and the United States to reach $1.2 trillion last year， and it could further increase in the future.
China will continue to follow the policy of building good neighborly relations and partnerships and foster amicable ties and mutual benefits with its neighbors. Many Asian countries are well aware that cooperation with China will bring mutual benefits.
It is our common wish to further cooperate and jointly work for a stable and prosperous regional environment. China and ASEAN countries have launched the largest free trade area among developing countries in the world， while the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has formed its initial strategy for medium- and longterm development. Negotiations for the free trade agreement among China， Japan and South Korea as well as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership have been officially launched.
International Effort
As world multi-polarity， economic globalization and scientific and technological advancement gather momentum， countries have become more interdependent as their interests more closely entwine. We all live in a global village. As we travel along， we must sit together as passengers in the same boat rather than trying to crowd each other out.
Compared with what we had last century， we believe that the international multilateral system in the 21st century should become more representative， more just and more result-oriented. China has participated in and contributed to the building of the international system， and we will be more actively involved in international affairs.
China supports multilateral meetings to be held this year， including the Group of 20 （G20） Summit in St. Petersburg， Russia， and the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Bali， Indonesia.
We hope the G20 and its summit will focus on growth and employment， continue to push forward reforms in the international financial system， improve the multilateral trading regime and address development issues on a priority basis.
We are optimistic that the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting will make committed efforts to promote sustainable and fair growth， push forward regional connectivity and advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation， as well as economic and technological cooperation， in a balanced manner.
Sino-Russian Potential
China and Russia are each other’s biggest neighbors， seeing in one another significant opportunities for development and a priority partner for cooperation.
We would like to join hands with Russia， and take the opportunity presented by the upcoming visit of China’s new president to Russia to inject a strong impetus to the comprehensive Sino-Russian strategic partnership.
Disputes With Japan
A long-term， sound and stable China-Japan relationship serves the fundamental interests of both nations. We are willing to promote strategic and mutually beneficial China-Japan ties on the basis of the four political documents signed by both countries.
We have urged Japan to make concrete efforts to improve its relations with China and play a positive and responsible role to maintain peace， stability and development in the region. Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands have been China’s inherent territory since ancient times. The root cause of the Diaoyu Islands issue lies in Japan’s illegal seizure and occupation of China’s territory. The current situation has been single-handedly caused by the Japanese side. The actions of Japan have violated China’s territorial sovereignty， posed a challenge to the outcome of the victory of the World War II and the postwar international order， greatly damaged China-Japan relations and undermined stability in the region.
The firm measures taken by the Chinese side have shown the will and resolve of the Chinese Government and the Chinese people to defend our territorial sovereignty. The Japanese side needs to face the reality， take real steps to correct its mistakes and work with China to properly handle and resolve the relevant issues through dialogue and consultations to prevent the situation from further escalating or even getting out of control.
Japan should correctly recognize and reflect on its history and take that as an important foundation for China-Japan relations. The war of aggression waged by Japanese militarists brought untold suffering to the people of China and other victimized Asian countries. Only by respecting history and showing remorse regarding that episode of history can Japan develop good relations with its Asian neighbors.
Working With the United States
The Sino-U.S. relationship has on the whole maintained a momentum of steady development in recent years thanks to the joint efforts of both countries.
We welcome a constructive role of the United States in the Asia Pacific， but at the same time the United States needs to respect China’s interests and concerns in the region. The U.S. side， in particular， needs to properly handle Taiwan and other sensitive issues.
We hope the United States will work with China to build a new type of major-country relationship between the world’s two biggest economies. Today， in the 21st century， our world is confronted with many problems and challenges. It is all the more important now for China and the United States to show big vision and strong courage， seek common ground while shelving differences and work together to build a relationship that is inspiring for the next generation and for generations to come.
Korean Peninsula Tensions
The third nuclear test by North Korea and the once again heightened tensions on the peninsula are not something we want to see. China holds that sanctions are not the end of the UN Security Council’s actions， nor are they the fundamental way to solve the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue. The only correct solution to the issue is to hold negotiations and resolve all parties’ concerns in a comprehensive and balanced way.
The proper handling of the nuclear issue， safeguarding peace and stability and preventing turmoil or even a conflict on the peninsula serve the common interests of all parties. They are also the shared responsibilities of all involved. We call on all parties concerned to bear in mind the larger interest， remain calm， exercise restraint， and refrain from making any moves that may further worsen the situation.
EU Partnership
The relationship between China and the EU is one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world today. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and the EU. In the latter half of this year， the two sides will hold the 16th China-EU Summit and discuss an institutional framework for their medium- to longterm cooperation. We will also step up collaboration in areas such as urbanization， new energy sources， scientific and technological innovation and green development.
China is opposed to trade protectionism. It opposes the EU’s anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigation against Chinese photovoltaic products. We urge the EU to properly handle related issues through dialogue and consultation.
We have full confidence in the future of Europe. China has been a firm supporter of Europe’s efforts in dealing with the debt crisis. We hope and believe that Europe can turn the crisis into opportunities and make new progress in its development.
The Developing World
The strategic partnership between China and Africa has developed quickly over the years， and the two sides are now actively implementing the follow-up actions to the Fifth Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.
China and Africa will particularly focus on promoting cooperation in such fields as investment， finance， assistance， African integration， cultural exchanges and peace and security in Africa.
We hope that all parties can view China-Africa cooperation in an objective manner， and respect African friends’ choices in terms of their cooperative partners. Many other countries are advancing their cooperation with Africa， and China welcomes such cooperation. China is devoted to the establishment and development of comprehensive and cooperative partnerships with Latin American and Caribbean countries. It is willing to develop cooperation of all kinds with regional blocs like the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States， and promote the establishment of a forum on China-Latin America cooperation.
Neighborly Ties
The situation in China’s neighboring regions， though becoming increasingly complex， has remained generally stable， and relations between China and its neighbors are continuing to develop.
China has established strategic partnerships with most neighboring countries， making more than 100 high-level official visits last year. It would not be surprising to see 200 or even 300 such visits next year. As neighbors， our relations will become closer with greater exchanges.
China’s trade with neighboring countries exceeded the total that China had with Europe and the United States to reach $1.2 trillion last year， and it could further increase in the future.
China will continue to follow the policy of building good neighborly relations and partnerships and foster amicable ties and mutual benefits with its neighbors. Many Asian countries are well aware that cooperation with China will bring mutual benefits.
It is our common wish to further cooperate and jointly work for a stable and prosperous regional environment. China and ASEAN countries have launched the largest free trade area among developing countries in the world， while the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has formed its initial strategy for medium- and longterm development. Negotiations for the free trade agreement among China， Japan and South Korea as well as the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership have been officially launched.