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目的 观察人类胎儿耳蜗外侧壁微血管形态、分布及生理学意义。方法 应用墨汁灌注和微血管铸型技术观察30例胎儿耳蜗外侧壁微血管形态。结果 耳蜗外侧壁由外放射状动脉供血,外放射状动脉走行于耳蜗前庭阶顶部,在耳蜗外侧壁形成四组毛细血管网,遍布耳蜗各回,分别为:血管纹血管网、前庭阶血管网、螺旋凸血管网和螺旋韧带深部血管网。耳蜗侧壁的静脉血流入鼓阶静脉。结论 26周龄以上胎儿耳蜗外侧壁微血管已发育完善,分布与其生理功能密切相关。
Objective To observe the morphology, distribution and physiological significance of the microvascular in lateral wall of human fetal cochlear. Methods The microvascular morphology of the lateral wall of fetal cochlea was observed with ink perfusion and microvascular cast technique. Results The lateral wall of the cochlea was supplied with external radial artery. The external radial artery walked on the top of the cortical vestibule. Four groups of capillaries were formed on the lateral wall of the cochlea throughout the cochlea. They were vascular vascular network, vestibular vascular network, spiral convex Vascular network and deep venous network of the spiral ligament. Venous blood from the cochlear wall flows into the vestibular vein. Conclusion Microvessels outside the cochlear wall of fetuses above 26 weeks of age have been well developed and their distribution is closely related to their physiological functions.