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一、“三个极向”教学方法的理论基础课文读解的三极走向是由蒋成禹在《语文课文读解理论与方法》中提出来的。他认为,由古到今,读解由作者、作品文本和读者这三极构成,它们各有不同的读解方向。作者一极,以恢复作者的原意为读解目标,是最基本的方法,因为作者把自己的观念、意识注入作品,赋予了作品意义。因而追踪作者的原初意义,就成为读解的第一步。要理解作者,必须遵循着他的思路进入他的胸境,才能与之契合,这是读解的基础,是理解课文的必由之路。
First, the theoretical basis of the “three poles” teaching method The three-pole trend of the reading of the text is proposed by Jiang Chengyu in “The Theory and Method of Reading Chinese Texts.” He believes that from ancient times to the present, reading consists of the three poles of the author, the text of the work, and the reader. They all have different reading directions. It is the most basic method for the author to restore the author’s original intention to read the goal, because the author injects his ideas and consciousness into the work and gives the meaning of the work. Thus tracking the author’s original meaning becomes the first step in reading. To comprehend the author, he must follow his mind to enter his chest, in order to be in harmony with it. This is the basis for reading and the only way to understand the text.