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目的分析2008—2014年百色市流动人口疟疾流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法收集2008—2014年百色市12个县(区)流动人口疟疾疫情资料、防治工作年报及监测数据,采用描述性流行病学进行统计和分析。结果百色市2008—2014年共报告疟疾病例48例,年均发病率为0.171/10万。其中本地感染病例1例,为2008年报告;输入性疟疾病例47例,占病例总数的97.917%;输入性疟疾死亡病例2008年报告1例,无输入性继发病例发生。2008—2014年百色市共血检流动人口发热病人47 820人次,检出疟原虫阳性45例,阳性率0.094%;血检疟原虫阴性,临床诊断为疟疾有2例;外出务工回归人员疟原虫阳性率远高于外来人员(χ2=29.432,P<0.01);病例分布于百色市50%(6/12)的县(区),其中隆林县病例数占病例总数的61.702%(29/47);病例全部为男性,主要集中于20~49岁年龄组人群,占病例总数的93.617%(44/47);工种以修电站、水利和挖矿、淘金为主,两者占病例总数的80.851%(38/47);病例无明显季节分布;病例感染来源非洲、东南亚占病例总数的93.617%(44/47)。结论百色市疟疾发病以境外输入性病例为主,加强对外出非洲和东南亚高疟区务工返回人员的疟疾监测和管理是消除疟疾目标得以实现的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in floating population in Bose City from 2008 to 2014 and provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods The malaria epidemic data, prevention and treatment work reports and monitoring data of floating population in 12 counties (districts) in 2008-2014 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 48 malaria cases were reported in Baise City from 2008 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 0.171 / 100 000. Among them, one case of local infection was reported in 2008; 47 cases were imported of malaria, accounting for 97.917% of the total cases; one case of imported malaria death was reported in 2008, and no case of imported secondary case occurred. In 2008-2014, a total of 47 820 fever patients were detected in the floating population in Baise City, 45 were positive for Plasmodium, the positive rate was 0.094%; Plasmodium falciparum was negative in blood test, 2 were clinically diagnosed as malaria; (Χ2 = 29.432, P <0.01). The cases were located in 50% (6/12) counties (districts) in Baise City, of which 61.702% 47); all cases were male, mainly concentrated in the age group of 20 to 49 years of age groups, accounting for 93.617% (44/47) of the total number of cases; the main types of work to repair power stations, water conservancy and mining, gold-based, both the total number of cases 80.851% (38/47). There was no obvious seasonal distribution in the cases. The cases were from Africa and Southeast Asia accounting for 93.617% (44/47) of the total cases. Conclusion The incidence of malaria in Baise City is dominated by imported cases. Strengthening the monitoring and management of malaria in migrant workers who return to the high malaria area in Africa and Southeast Asia is the key to eliminating the malaria target.