我国是农业经济大国,农业在国民经济中占有举足轻重的位置。但是我国农业自然灾害频繁发生,其受灾面积广,成灾比率高。资料表明:建国40多年以来,平均每年遭受干旱、雨涝、台风、干热风等气象灾害的耕地面积约4.6亿亩,平均损失粮食102亿公斤,约占年均粮食总产量的5％。此外,还有多种病虫害也十分严重。随着农业经济体制的改革,农 China is a major agricultural economy, and agriculture plays an important role in the national economy. However, frequent occurrence of agricultural natural disasters in our country has resulted in a wide area of ​​disaster and a high disaster-hit rate. The data show that since the founding of the People’s Republic more than 40 years ago, the average annual arable land area suffering from meteorological disasters such as drought, rain and floods, typhoons and dry hot winds has reached about 460 million mu, with an average loss of 10.2 billion kilograms of grain, accounting for about 5% of the total annual grain output. In addition, there are a variety of pests and diseases are also very serious. With the reform of agricultural economic system, agriculture