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阿尔都塞的阅读理论经历了从症候阅读法到移情与反移情阅读机制的演进过程,来源于精神分析法的无意识理论是其理论支撑之一。阿尔都塞的阅读理论从症候阅读法到“移情与反移情的阅读机制”的发展过程中,正是对无意识的这种界定以及对无意识在其阅读理论中基础地位的指认,肯定了无意识在双向意义的产生和文本科学性的保证中的积极作用,也肯定了文本作者无意识中的历史性、文本解释者无意识中的历史性、作者与解释者的时空距离等等因素在文本解释中的积极作用。阿尔都塞通过对文本作者和阅读者双方无意识的指认,使阅读中双向意义得以产生、阅读的科学性得以保证。阿尔都塞的阅读理论为破解解释学循环难题找到了一条可能的路径。
Althusser’s reading theory has undergone the evolution from symptom reading to empathy and counter-empathy reading, and the unconscious theory from psychoanalysis is one of the theoretical supports. Althusser’s theory of reading from the symptom reading method to the development of “the reading mechanism of empathy and counter-empathy” is precisely the definition of unconsciousness and the identification of the fundamental position of unconsciousness in his reading theory, Affirmed the active role of unconsciousness in the generation of two-way meaning and the guarantee of textual science, also affirmed the historicity of the unconsciousness of the textual author, the historical unconsciousness of the textual interpreter, the space-time distance between the author and the interpreter, etc. The positive role of text interpretation. Althusser unconsciously identifies both the author and the reader of the text, so that the two-way meaning in reading can be produced and the scientific nature of reading can be guaranteed. Althusser’s reading theory has found a possible way to solve the problem of hermeneutics.