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渠道输水损失主要是指漏水损失和渗水损失。土渠的渗漏损失量很大,约占引水量的20％～30％,甚至达到40％～50％,土渠渗漏不仅浪费水资源,降低工程效益,增加灌溉成本,而且还会提高地下水位,造成土壤冷浸或土壤盐碱化。防止渠道渗漏,节约灌溉用水,治防盐碱的重要措施是渠道防渗。 渠道防渗措施归结起来为两大类,即管理措施和工程措施。 一、管理措施 管理措施主要有:精心施工,加强工程管理,维修养护好渠道及建筑物。实行计划用水,合理调配水量,改进灌溉方法及灌水技术等。管
Channel water loss mainly refers to the loss of water and seepage losses. The seepage loss of soil canals is very large, accounting for about 20% -30% of the total water diversion, or even 40% -50%. Soil seepage not only wastes water resources, reduces project benefits and increases irrigation costs, but also increases Groundwater level, resulting in soil cold dip or soil salinization. To prevent leakage of channels, saving irrigation water, an important measure to prevent salt is channel seepage control. Channel seepage prevention measures summed up as two categories, namely management measures and engineering measures. First, management measures Management measures are: careful construction, strengthening project management, maintenance and maintenance of good channels and buildings. The implementation of planned water, rational allocation of water, improve irrigation methods and irrigation technology. tube