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在地下开采中,对顶板位移观测工作所面临的难题,是如何估计测点布置以前,顶板已经发生的位移和测点布置以后,顶板还可能发生多大位移。这种估计,无论是对测试设备的选择及测试效果的预测,还是对顶板稳定性的判断,都是很重要的。按弹塑性理论,只能求得顶板在弹性范围内的最大位移,不能确定顶板的时间——位移关系。本文以流变模型理论为基础,试图就这个问题探求一种解析方法,以满足实际工作的需要。(一)采场顶板的力学模型及其弹性解在空场或充填采矿法中,若以工作面推进方向为长,以矿柱间的距离为跨,按平面应变问题考虑,则采空区顶板就可以看做是两端固定,有均布荷载的梁。已知两端固定,作用有均布荷载的梁的
In underground mining, the challenge to the roof displacement observation is how to estimate the displacement of the roof before the displacement of the roof and the arrangement of the measuring points before the measurement points are laid out. This estimate, whether it is the choice of test equipment and test results to predict, or to determine the stability of the roof are very important. According to the theory of elasto-plasticity, the maximum displacement of the roof in the elastic range can only be obtained, and the time-displacement relationship of the roof can not be determined. Based on the rheological model theory, this paper attempts to explore a solution to this problem to meet the needs of practical work. (I) Mechanics model of stope roof and its elastic solution In the field or filling mining method, if the advancing direction of the working face is long, the distance between the pillars is cross and the plane strain problem is considered, the gob area Roof can be seen as fixed at both ends, a uniform load beam. It is known that both ends of a fixed beam act on a uniformly distributed load