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中国已步入老年型社会，到本世纪30年代将进入老龄化高峰期。同时，随着经济的发展、居民医疗保健和生活水平的提高，老人的寿命大大延长。因此，老年社会的服务问题也日渐尖锐和突出。计划生育的实行，缩小了家庭的规模，尤其在城市，独生子女十分普遍，而且，人口流动性增强，出国留学、务工等现象的后果就是空巢家庭的增加 20世纪50年代，中国家庭平均规模为5.5人左右，1995年1％的人口抽样调查结果显示，家庭平均规模已缩小到3.15人。未来，空巢家庭和单身老人家庭仍将迅速增加，其
China has entered an aging society and will reach the peak of aging by the 1930s. At the same time, with the economic development, residents’ health care and improvement of living standards, the life expectancy of the elderly is greatly prolonged. Therefore, the service of the elderly society is also increasingly sharp and prominent. The implementation of family planning has narrowed the size of the family. In particular, the only child in the cities is very common. Moreover, the consequence of the increase of population mobility, study abroad and work-study is the increase of empty-nest families. In the 1950s, the average size of Chinese families At 5.5, the survey of 1% of population in 1995 showed that the average size of the family had shrunk to 3.15. In the future, empty-nest families and single elderly families will continue to increase rapidly