作者报道30例继发于血液系疾患(HDs)的急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)。入院诊断急性白血病21例,再生障碍性贫血6例,淋巴瘤3例,其中4例白血病和3例再障贫血已行骨髓移植术,他们的原发血液病处于部分或完全缓解。临床特征为发热、呼吸困难、干咳、咯血、呼吸加速(>40次/分)和心动过速(>120次/分)。入院时白细胞数严重减低(<2000/mm~3)10 The authors report 30 acute respiratory failure (ARF) secondary to hematologic disorders (HDs). Admission was diagnosed in 21 cases of acute leukemia, 6 cases of aplastic anemia, 3 cases of lymphoma, of which 4 cases of leukemia and 3 cases of aplastic anemia have been bone marrow transplantation, their primary blood disease is partially or completely relieved. Clinical features were fever, dyspnea, dry cough, hemoptysis, accelerated breathing (> 40 beats / min) and tachycardia (> 120 beats / min). The number of white blood cells on admission was significantly reduced (<2000 / mm ~ 3) 10