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【目的】为粤北及华南等种植冷凉区选育桉树速生和耐寒品系。【方法】利用方差分析和BLUP法估算广东连山5年生97个桉树人工控制授粉家系、15个母本自由授粉家系和2个无性系试验林生长、干形、耐寒和保存率性状的杂种优势、育种值及配合力。【结果】各性状在家系、家系与区组交互效应间均存在极显著差异。以单株蓄积为指标筛选优良杂交组合,参试家系中有3个家系(101、14和74号)的单株蓄积高于最优自由授粉家系103号均值0.191 4 m~3,超过对照DH 3229的控制授粉家系有17个,所有控制授粉家系中超过对照无性系(115号)的优良单株有288株;大于参试总体均值的40个控制授粉交家系,其平均单株蓄积的超亲优势达25.78%,而相对对照无性系的超标优势仅达4.18%;育种值与表型值大小的变化趋势基本一致,育种值超过0.02的控制授粉家系有13个,仍然还是101、14和74号家系。【结论】通过亲本一般配合力分析认为,RT04赤桉、邓恩桉2号、U64尾叶桉3个母本,以及KX10巨桉、2B边沁桉、D17邓恩桉、KX5巨桉和DX19巨桉5个父本是今后杂交育种的优选亲本;特殊配合力排名前3的邓赤(邓恩桉×赤桉)、尾尾细(尾叶桉×(尾叶桉×细叶桉))和尾蓝(尾叶桉×蓝桉)杂交桉,其特殊配合力效应值均大于0.05,相对效应值超50%,适合将其中的优良单株无性系化并扩繁利用。
【Objective】 Eucalyptus fast-growing and cold-tolerant strains were selected for the cultivation of cool areas in northern Guangdong and southern China. 【Method】 The variance analysis and BLUP method were used to estimate the heterosis of 97 eucalyptus artificial pollination pedigrees, 15 female pollination pedigrees and 2 clonal experimental forests in Lianshan Mountain, Guangdong Province for growth, stemness, cold tolerance and conservation rate , Breeding value and combining ability. 【Result】 The results showed that there was a significant difference in the reciprocal effects among all the pedigrees, pedigrees and district groups. The optimal hybridization combinations were screened on the basis of single plant accumulation. The accumulations per plant of three families (101, 14 and 74) were higher than that of the optimal free pollinating family 103 (0.191 4 m ~ 3) There were 17 pollination families in 3229 and 288 elite families in control pollination families that exceeded the control clones (No. 115). The average number of control pollination lines in 40 pollination families that exceeded the population test average was The pro-dominant rate reached 25.78%, while that of the control clone only reached 4.18%. The trend of breeding value and phenotypic value was basically the same. Thirteen pollination families with breeding value over 0.02 were still 101, 14 and 74 family. 【Conclusion】 According to the analysis of the general combining ability of the parents, three female parents, Eucalyptus urophylla RT04, Eucalyptus dunnii 2, U64 Eucalyptus urophylla, and five KX10 Eucalyptus grandis, The male parent is the preferred parent for future crossbreeding; Deng Chi (Eucalyptus dunnii × Eucalyptus urophylla), Eucalyptus urophylla × (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus globulus × Eucalyptus) Eucalyptus × Eucalyptus × E. grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis × Eucalyptus × u.