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冻土改变了区域水热条件、产汇流过程、产流量多寡及年内/际变化,冻土水文成为寒区生态—水文过程的核心环节。系统总结了国内外冻土水文研究进展,包括冻土水热传输特征,特殊的产汇流过程,流域尺度水平衡,以及各种水热传输物理模型和流域尺度水文模型。未来冻土水文的发展应在数据和方法积累的基础上,进一步探索产汇流过程机理,并建立完善的分布式冻土水文物理模型,定量探索冻土变化对区域/流域水资源和生态的影响。
The permafrost has changed the hydrothermal conditions in the region, the process of runoff production, the amount of runoff produced, and the variation within the year / year. The hydrology of frozen soil has become the core link in the eco-hydrological process in the cold region. The progress of research on frozen soil hydrology at home and abroad is summarized, including the characteristics of hydrothermal transport in frozen soil, special production and sink flow process, watershed scale and water balance, as well as various hydrothermal transport physical models and watershed hydrological models. Based on the accumulated data and methods, the hydrological and hydrological development of the future frozen soil should be further explored on the mechanism of runoff and confluence, and the establishment of a complete hydrological and physical model of frozen soil, to quantitatively explore the impact of frozen soil changes on water resources and ecology in the region / basin .