西汉著名学者刘向认为 :历史总处在变化之中 ,王朝更迭 ,政权变迁、道德行废是其表现形式 ,周秦之间的历史是一段退化的历史 ;历史的变化是天、道、君、臣、妇女等多种因素共同作用的结果 ,其中 ,起主导作用的是道和君。刘向历史哲学的形成 ,受西汉末年社会现实的激发为儒家价值观念所支配 ,而丰富的历史知识更是其建构历史哲学的坚实基础 Liu Xiang, a well-known scholar of the Western Han Dynasty, holds that the history is always undergoing changes, the changes of dynasties, the changes of political power, and the abolition of morality are their manifestations. The history between the Zhou and Qin dynasties is a period of degeneration; the historical changes are heaven, , Women and many other factors, the result of which, among them, the leading role is Tao and Jun. The formation of Liu Xiang’s philosophy of history is dominated by Confucian values ​​inspired by the social reality in the late years of the Western Han Dynasty. Rich historical knowledge is a solid foundation for its construction of historical philosophy