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在R&D规模持续增加的同时,中国企业的R&D结构呈现出“重技术发展,轻技术探索”的特征,越来越成为中国产业技术升级的障碍。基于2004-2014年中国大中型工业企业的面板数据,考察了企业规模对R&D结构的影响及作用机制。利用动态GMM进行的实证检验发现,企业规模与R&D结构之间呈现非线性的倒“U”型关系:随着规模的增加,R&D中技术探索型研究所占的比重呈现出先上升后下降的变化趋势;同时,企业规模对R&D结构的影响受到技术获取模式的调节,具体来说,内部研发和购买国内技术正向调节企业规模对于R&D结构的影响,而引进国外技术对企业规模与R&D结构的关系则具有负向的调节作用。此外,检验还发现政府支持、行业市场化程度和国际竞争对于R&D结构具有正面影响。
While the scale of R & D continues to increase, the R & D structure of Chinese enterprises shows the characteristics of “focusing on technological development and exploring light technologies” and has increasingly become an obstacle to the upgrading of China’s industrial technology. Based on the panel data of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises in China from 2004 to 2014, the influence of firm size on R & D structure and its mechanism are investigated. Empirical tests using dynamic GMM show that there is a nonlinear “U” -type relationship between firm size and R & D structure: as the size increases, the proportion of technology-exploratory research in R & D shows a rise and then a decrease At the same time, the impact of firm size on R & D structure is regulated by the technology acquisition mode. Specifically, the domestic R & D and purchase of domestic technology positively adjust the impact of firm size on R & D structure. However, the introduction of foreign technology has a negative effect on the firm size and R & D The structure of the relationship has a negative regulatory role. In addition, the test also found that government support, industry marketization and international competition have a positive impact on the R & D structure.