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【目的】果蝇类害虫是杨梅果实的主要害虫,本文旨在探讨果蝇对不同成熟度果实的选择倾向以及杨梅园果蝇动态变化规律。【方法】通过饲养获得黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster种群,探讨果蝇在不同成熟度杨梅果实上的繁殖量,通过果园调查统计杨梅成熟过程中落果数量、落果和树上挂果中果蝇数量。【结果】杨梅成熟过程中,果色经历绿色、粉红色、红色和紫红色变化过程;果蝇分别在各种成熟度果实上繁殖时,绿色果实上果蝇后代数量最少,但接近成熟的粉红色、红色和紫红色果实上果蝇后代数量无显著差异;同时提供各种成熟度的果实时,随着果实成熟度增加,黑腹果蝇的后代繁殖数量增多。在果实成熟前后对果园果蝇数量的调查表明,在果实成熟前,落果中果蝇数量显著高于树上挂果,落果是果园果蝇的主要繁殖地;但当果园果实大量成熟时,挂果中果蝇数量显著多于落果,挂果成为果蝇主要繁殖场所。【结论】在杨梅园,果蝇存在从地面落果转移至树上挂果的动态变化,果蝇对不同成熟度果实的选择性差异可能是这种动态变化的主要原因。
【Objective】 Drosophila pests are the main pests of bayberry fruit. The purpose of this article is to investigate the selection tendency of fruit flies for fruits with different maturity and the dynamic changes of fruit fly in bayberry. 【Method】 The population of Drosophila melanogaster was obtained through breeding. The reproduction of fruit flies at different maturity levels of Myrica rubra was studied. The number of fruit drop and the number of fruit flies in the fruit were determined by orchard survey. 【Result】 During the ripening process of bayberry, the fruit color underwent green, pink, red and magenta changes. When the fruit flies multiplied at various maturity fruits, the fruit flies on the green fruits had the least number of descendants, but close to the mature pink There was no significant difference in the number of offspring of fruit flies between colored, red and mauve fruit; with the availability of various maturity fruits, the number of offspring of Drosophila melanogaster increased with fruit maturity. A survey of the number of fruit fly flies in the orchard before and after fruit ripening showed that the number of fruit fly flies was significantly higher than that of fruit flies before fruit ripening and the fruit flies were the main breeding ground for fruit flies; Drosophila significantly more than the number of fruit, fruit flies become the main breeding ground. 【Conclusion】 The dynamic changes of fruits and flies in fruit drop from ground to tree are found in bayberry orchards. The difference of selective fruit flies for different maturity may be the main reason for this dynamic change.