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选取不同生育期(抽穗期、开花期、结实期和枯黄期)的新疆小芦苇原料,分别采取自然荫干、压裂茎杆荫干、自然晒干、压裂茎杆晒干和压裂茎杆翻晒等5种方法进行干燥。并测定自然荫干后的茎叶比及全部样品干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维等的含量。研究结果表明:①随着生育期的推迟,茎叶比例上升,由抽穗期的0.45:1到枯黄期的0.89:1,其茎秆增加了近1倍,从而导致原料植株体内粗蛋白质(CP)含量显著下降(P<0.05)。中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量上升,粗灰分(CA)的含量差异显著(P<0.05),钙、磷变化差异不显著(P>0.05)。从以上几种营养成分的分析来看,抽穗期收获小芦苇营养成分最好,其余依次是开花期、结实期、枯黄期。②从4个生育期里5种干燥方法的平均营养价值来看,粗蛋白质的含量以压裂茎杆晒干的最高,达到了8.32%,中性洗涤纤维含量以压裂茎杆晒干的最低,为77.57%,酸性洗涤纤维的含量间相差不大,都在53.0%左右,粗脂肪的含量以压裂茎杆翻晒最高,达到了3.47%。结合本地区实际情况,以压裂茎杆晒干的干燥方法为最佳。
Select the different growth stages (heading, flowering, fruiting and browning period) of Xinjiang reed material, respectively, to take natural shade dry, fissure stem dry, natural dry, fissured stem stem and fissured stem Rod drying and other 5 ways to dry. The content of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and so on of all the samples were measured after natural shade dry. The results showed that: ① With the postponement of growth stage, the ratio of stems and leaves increased from 0.45: 1 at heading stage to 0.89: 1 at browning stage, and the stalk increased nearly one time, leading to the change of crude protein (CP ) Content decreased significantly (P <0.05). The content of NDF and ADF increased, the content of crude ash (CA) was significantly different (P <0.05), and the difference of calcium and phosphorus was not significant (P> 0.05). From the above analysis of several nutritional components, the harvest of the heading of the best nutrition of small Phragmites, the rest followed by flowering, fruiting, yellowing. ② From the average nutritional value of five drying methods during the four growing periods, the content of crude protein was the highest in the dried stems of the fracturing stems, reaching 8.32%. The content of neutral detergent fibers was dried in the stems of the fracturing stems The lowest was 77.57%. The content of acid detergent fiber was almost the same, about 53.0%. The content of crude fat was the highest in the stem of the fracturing, reaching 3.47%. Combined with the actual situation in the region, the drying method to dry the fissure stem is the best.