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国家的政治统一和情感认同,强调超大族群共同体认同的合法性及其作用。国家整合通常要求放弃族群特性,使族群文化边缘化。这恰是引发民族国家内部危机的重要原因。在清末和民国时期复杂的政治、文化环境之下,蒙古精英的国家认同及其行动面临多重选择和困惑,表现出极不稳定的态势。文章从中国历史上的“国家”与“民族”概念、近代汉族精英的“民族主义”话语以及近代汉人“崛起”的背景出发,讨论和分析了当时蒙古精英的“叙述”结构、国家认同及其行动,展现其复杂性、独特性,以及因此出现的国家与地方危机。
The political unity and emotional identity of the state emphasize the legitimacy and role of the identity of the super-large ethnic community. National integration usually requires the abandonment of ethnic identity and the marginalization of ethnic culture. This is precisely the important reason that triggered the internal crisis in the nation-state. Under the complicated political and cultural environment in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the Mongolian elite’s national identity and its actions are faced with multiple choices and puzzles, showing a very unstable situation. Based on the concept of “nation” and “nation” in Chinese history, the “nationalist” discourse of modern Chinese elites and the background of modern Chinese “rise”, the article discusses and analyzes the characteristics of the elite “Narrative ” structure, national identity and its actions to show its complexity and uniqueness, and the resulting national and local crises.