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介绍了用于 X 光激光研究的软 X 光平焦场光栅光谱仪的原理、结构及实验应用结果。此类谱仪有两种:一种是采用名义刻线为 1200 l/mm 的变间距光栅,摄谱范围为 5～50 nm;另一种采用 2400 l/mm 的变间距光栅,摄谱范围达 1～10 nm。着重对前一种谱仪的实验应用作了介绍。得到了用软 X 光底片记录时,谱分辨率为 0.01 nm;与软 X 光扫描相机配合,作时间分辨记录时,谱分辨为 0.05 nm,时间分辨本领为 30 ps。最后还对该谱仪利用凹柱镜及凹球镜的消象散结构作了介绍,也给出了放大率为 5 倍和空间分辨本领达到 25 μm的实验结果。
The principle, structure and experimental results of soft X-ray flat-field grating spectrometer used in X-ray laser research are introduced. There are two types of spectrometers: one is a variable pitch grating with a nominal scribing of 1200 l / mm with a spectral range of 5 to 50 nm; the other is a variable pitch grating with a linear density of 2400 l / mm. Up to 1 ~ 10 nm. The experimental application of the former spectrometer is mainly introduced. When using the soft X-ray film recording, the spectral resolution is 0.01 nm; with the soft X-ray scanning camera, for time-resolved recording, the spectral resolution is 0.05 nm, the time resolution is 30 ps. Finally, the structure of the astigmatism using concave cylindrical mirror and concave spherical mirror is also introduced. The experimental results are also given with the magnification of 5 times and the spatial resolution of 25 μm.