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植物表面蜡质的最初角色是防止植株体内水分的散失和外界水分的进入,其分布的部位、化学成分和结构的复杂性与复杂的生态角色相对应。植物表面蜡质的物理化学特性能够抵抗各种各样生物与非生物侵害,这些侵害包括真菌病害、植食性昆虫、太阳射线、冻结温度等。植物表面蜡质还是植物、植食性昆虫及其捕食者和寄生者相互作用的竞技场,其特有的化学成分和形态学特征赋予它特有的生态机能,这些机能之一便是植物与植食性昆虫之间相互作用的媒介。植物表面蜡质的物理结构和数量能够影响植食性昆虫的附着和移动。表面蜡质可通过影响天敌对植食性害虫的捕食,从而间接影响植食性害虫的行为。表面蜡质提取物和单一的蜡质成分能够刺激或者抑制植食性昆虫产卵、活动和取食。烷烃、蜡酯、游离脂肪醇和酸等脂肪族化合物是表面蜡质的主要成分,在植食性昆虫选择寄主植物中,长链脂肪族化合物起着尤为重要的作用;芳香族化合物也影响昆虫对寄主植物的选择。植食性昆虫较少在光滑蜡质少表现型的作物上取食,在光滑蜡质少表现型的作物上,表面蜡质的数量少,化学组分和形态学特征也不同。研究光滑蜡质少作物抗虫的分子生物学机制,有助于阐明植物表面蜡质在植物与昆虫之间所起的作用。表面蜡质的理化特性能够改变害虫与寄主植物间的相互作用,具有重要的农业影响,已成为一个活跃的研究领域。
The initial role of wax on plant surfaces is to prevent the loss of water and the entry of external moisture within the plants. The distribution of parts, chemical composition and structural complexity correspond to complex ecological roles. The physicochemical properties of plant surface waxes are resistant to a wide range of biological and non-biological damage including fungal diseases, herbivores, solar rays, freezing temperatures and more. Plant surface wax or plant, herbivorous insects and their predators and parasites interaction Arena, its unique chemical composition and morphological characteristics given its unique ecological functions, one of these functions is that plants and herbivorous insects The medium of interaction between. The physical structure and amount of plant surface wax can affect the attachment and movement of herbivorous insects. Surface wax can affect the predation of herbivore pests by affecting the predation of natural enemies on phytophagous pests. Surface waxy extracts and a single waxy ingredient can stimulate or inhibit spawning, activity and feeding of herbivorous insects. Aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as alkanes, wax esters, free fatty alcohols and acids, are the major constituents of surface waxes. Long-chain aliphatic compounds play an especially important role in the selection of host plants by herbivorous insects. Aromatic compounds also affect the insects’ Plant selection. Phytophthora infestans feed on less waxy and less waxy crops, and on waxy less waxy crops, there are fewer waxes on the surface and different chemical compositions and morphological characteristics. Studying the molecular biological mechanism of the smooth waxy crops against insects helps to clarify the role of plant surface wax in plants and insects. The physical and chemical properties of the surface wax can change the interaction between pests and host plants, and have important agricultural influence. It has become an active research field.