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目的对本院拟输血患者不规则抗体检查结果分析,探讨红细胞不规则抗体的发生率和分布特点,给临床安全输血提供依据。方法对住院部2016年1月-2017年1月24743例拟输血患者应用盐水法和微柱凝胶法行血型不规则抗体检测,并对阳性标本进行抗体鉴定分析。结果 24743例患者中发现不规则抗体阳性138例(占总数的0.56%)。除去重复入院的患者后,还有132例不规则抗体阳性,101例既往有输血/妊娠史。其中男性不规则抗体阳性46例(占34.9%),女性阳性86例(占65.1%)。不规则抗体主要为:Rh系49例,MNSs系22例,Lewis系17例,其中抗-E、抗-M、抗-Lea检出率最高。132例不规则抗体阳性中,产科和血液内科阳性患者最多,其合计占62.12%。结论拟输血患者中女性产生不规则抗体阳性率高于男性;有妊娠史/输血史的患者比无输血史/妊娠史的患者更易产生不规则抗体;拟输血患者输血前做不规则抗体检测必不可少。
Objective To analyze the results of irregular antibody test in our hospital and explore the incidence and distribution of irregular antibodies in erythrocytes so as to provide basis for clinical transfusion. Methods A total of 24 743 cases of transfusion patients admitted to inpatient department from January 2016 to January 2017 were tested for irregular blood group antibody by using saline method and microcolumn gel method. Antibody identification was also performed on positive specimens. Results Of the 24 743 patients, 138 were found to have irregular antibodies (0.56% of the total). In addition to repeated hospital admission, there were 132 cases of irregular antibody positive, 101 cases of previous history of blood transfusion / pregnancy. There were 46 cases (34.9%) with male irregular antibodies and 86 cases (65.1%) with positive women. The main irregular antibodies were: Rh in 49 cases, MNSs in 22 cases and Lewis in 17 cases, of which anti-E, anti-M, anti-Lea detection rate was the highest. 132 cases of irregular antibody-positive, obstetrics and hematology, the largest number of positive patients, which together accounted for 62.12%. CONCLUSIONS: The positive rate of irregular antibodies produced by women in quasi-transfusion patients is higher than that in males. Patients with history of pregnancy / blood transfusion are more likely to produce irregular antibodies than those without history of blood transfusion / pregnancy. Essential.