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为了明确宁春4号与河东乌麦各自的遗传性状,从农艺性状、品质性状、抗病性、分子标记等方面对2个品种进行鉴定。结果表明:相较于河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ),宁春4号株高最低(86.70 cm),穗下茎长和穗长均最长(分别为36.60 cm、10.95 cm),穗粒质量和千粒质量最高(分别为1.95 g、46.61 g),小穗数、穗粒数和经济系数居中;而河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)较宁春4号有效穗均增多(分别为5.10个、6.60个),且表现为田间高抗白粉病、中抗条锈和叶锈病。在主要品质性状上,宁春4号籽粒饱满指数大(0.71)、含水率较高(10.23%)、面团稳定时间较长(9.45 min),其籽粒硬度、吸水率及淀粉回升终点值居中;而河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)蛋白质含量、面筋含量、沉降值均较高(平均值分别达16.21%、35.76%、40.27 m L),面团形成时间较长(2.38 min)。在2个品种上共筛选出具有多态性的SSR、ISSR标记分别为127个、7个;同时,12个已报道相关基因的标记得以鉴定,其中2个品种均携带有Wx-A1a/b、Wx-B1a/b、Wx-D1a/b、Dy12、Pm2、Pm4、Pm6、Sr31基因,宁春4号还携带有Psy-A1基因,河东乌麦(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)携带有Pm16、Yr2和抗赤霉病QFhs.ndsu-3BS基因。
In order to clarify the genetic traits of Ningchun 4 and Hedong (Oryza sativa L.), two cultivars were identified from agronomic traits, quality traits, disease resistance and molecular markers. The results showed that the plant height of Ningchun 4 was the lowest (86.70 cm) compared with that of Hedong (Oryza sativa L.) (Ⅰ and Ⅱ), the stem length and ear length were the longest (36.60 cm and 10.95 cm, respectively) (1.95 g and 46.61 g, respectively), spikelet number, spike grain number and economic coefficient were the highest, and the effective spikelets of Hedong (1 and 2) were more than that of Ningchun 4 (5.10 , 6.60), and showed high field resistance to powdery mildew, stripe rust and leaf rust. On the main quality traits, the grain fullness index of Ningchun 4 was larger (0.71), the moisture content was higher (10.23%) and the dough stability time was longer (9.45 min), and the grain hardness, water absorption and starch recovery end point were the middle; The protein content, gluten content and sedimentation value were higher in Hedong (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) (averaged 16.21%, 35.76% and 40.27 m L, respectively) and the dough formation time was longer (2.38 min). A total of 127 SSR markers with 7 SSR markers were screened out on 2 cultivars. At the same time, 12 SSR markers were identified, of which 2 were carrying Wx-A1a / b The Psy-A1 gene was also carried by Ningchun 4, and Wm-1, Hx2, Pm2, Pm4, Pm6, Sr31 and Wx-B1a / Sclerotinia sclerotiorum QFhs.ndsu-3BS gene.