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目的探讨早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的危险因素及早期诊断和治疗。方法回顾性分析本院2003年9月-2007年12月住院BPD患儿25例的临床资料,对患儿的原发病、合并症、临床诊断和治疗进行分析,并对患儿出院12个月内进行随访,分析BPD发生的重要因素及早期诊治的效果。结果25例中胎龄26～27周2例,28～30周17例,31～32周5例,35周1例;出生体质量700～1000g9例,1001～1500g12例,1501～2000g4例。诊断BPD前并感染15例、动脉导管未闭10例。最早拟诊时间出生13d。20例接受地塞米松治疗,经治疗24例好转出院,1例放弃治疗后死亡。结论早产、极低出生体质量、并感染、机械通气、动脉导管未闭等是BPD发生的重要因素,对易感患儿进行严密监测、早期诊断、防治感染、及时关闭导管、及时应用利尿剂和地塞米松是预防和治疗BPD的重要措施。
Objective To explore the risk factors and early diagnosis and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. Methods The clinical data of 25 children hospitalized with BPD from September 2003 to December 2007 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The primary disease, comorbidities, clinical diagnosis and treatment of children were analyzed. Twelve Follow-up during the month to analyze the important factors that BPD occurred and the effect of early diagnosis and treatment. Results 25 cases of 26-27 weeks gestational age in 2 cases, 28 to 30 weeks in 17 cases, 31 to 32 weeks in 5 cases, 35 weeks in 1 case; birth weight 700 ~ 1000g9 cases, 1001 ~ 1500g12 cases, 1501 ~ 2000g4 cases. 15 cases were diagnosed before BPD and 10 cases were patent ductus arteriosus. The earliest time to be diagnosed 13d. Twenty patients underwent dexamethasone treatment. After treatment, 24 patients were well discharged and one patient died after giving up treatment. Conclusions Premature delivery, very low birth weight, infection, mechanical ventilation and patent ductus arteriosus are important factors in the development of BPD. Strict monitoring, early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of infection, prompt closure of the catheter, timely administration of diuretics And dexamethasone are important measures to prevent and treat BPD.