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我国关于行政调解的立法在如火如荼地进行,各省市在规章和规范性文件中也都规定了行政调解解决行政争议和民事争议,然而行政调解解决行政争议的实践却门庭冷落。一方面有法律规定本身的原因,如法律规定可调解的行政争议的范围模糊、调解主体不中立以及调解的时限规定可能会与其他救济途径的启动期限冲突等,另一方面也有现实的原因。要改变现有规定在实践中遭遇的尴尬现状,需要明确行政调解解决行政争议的范围、建立具有中立性和权威性的行政调解主体、明确行政调解协议的效力等。
China’s legislation on administrative mediation is in full swing. Provinces and municipalities also stipulate administrative mediation to resolve administrative disputes and civil disputes in their regulatory and normative documents. However, administrative mediation to resolve administrative disputes is outdated. On the one hand, there are reasons for the law itself. For instance, the range of administrative disputes mediatable under the law is ambiguous, the mediator is not neutral and the time limit for mediation may conflict with the start-up deadline of other remedies. On the other hand, there are also realistic reasons. To change the embarrassing status quo of the existing regulations in practice, we need to clarify the scope of administrative mediation to resolve administrative disputes, establish a neutral and authoritative administrative mediator, and clarify the effectiveness of administrative mediation agreements.