论文部分内容阅读
早熟禾亚科多种禾草可与Neotyphodium内生真菌形成禾草-内生真菌共生体,这种植物-微生物共生体性状较为稳定,且在自然界中广泛存在。禾草-内生真菌共生体稳定的互利共生关系不但保证了内生真菌所需的全部营养物质,而且共生体产生的次生代谢物又可显著提高宿主禾草对生物胁迫的抗逆性。众多研究表明,内生真菌的侵染可显著提高宿主禾草对虫害、病害及伴生植物等多种生物胁迫的抗性。据不完全统计,禾草内生真菌对蛛形纲、线虫纲、昆虫纲3个纲至少79个种的害虫表现出较明显的抗性,对至少22个种的病原真菌表现出明显的抗性。尽管利用内生真菌进行禾草品种选育及其品质改良的技术日趋成熟,但是内生真菌在不同宿主禾草之间高效的替代转化技术,及其在宿主体内遗传的稳定性仍有待于进一步深入探索。研究者把禾草内生真菌作为生防手段,在未来的应用过程中不应只考虑其与宿主禾草之间的共生特异性,而应更全面地分析禾草-内生真菌-生态环境之间的相互关系,让内生真菌更好地为人类服务。
Poa versicolor variety of grass with Neotyphodium endophytic fungi formed grass - endophytic fungi symbiont, this plant - microbial symbionts more stable nature, and widespread in nature. The symbiotic relationship between the grass-endophyte symbiont not only ensures all the nutrients needed by endophytic fungi, but also the secondary metabolites produced by the symbionts can significantly increase the stress tolerance of the host grasses to biotic stress. Numerous studies have shown that endophytic fungus infection can significantly improve the host grass on pests, diseases and associated plants and other biological stress resistance. According to incomplete statistics, gramineous endophytic fungi showed more obvious resistance to at least 79 species of 3 species of Arachnida, Nematoda and Insecta, and showed obvious resistance to at least 22 species of pathogenic fungi Sex. Despite the maturing of endophytic fungi for breeding and quality improvement of grasses, the efficient alternative transformation of endophyte between different host grasses and their genetic stability in the host remains to be further developed Explore in depth. Researchers using grass endophyte as a means of biological defense should not only consider the symbiosis specificity with host grass in the future application but should analyze the grass-endophyte-ecological environment more comprehensively The relationship between endophytic fungi to better serve humanity.