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形状记忆高分子材料(shape memory polymers,SMPs)作为一种特点突出、性能优良的智能材料具有极高的研究和实用价值,受到各国研究人员的广泛关注,新的制备方法和材料体系不断涌现,显示出巨大的发展潜力.本文总结了近年来出现的以共混方式为基础的多种重要制备方法,包括聚合物与聚合物直接熔融共混、溶液共混、借助增容剂或交联剂进行共混、通过新型微层共挤出技术进行交替层状共混、以及利用静电纺丝技术进行三维网络结构共混等.相较于化学合成方法,这些共混方法具有操作简单、原料易得、制备效率高、产品性能调节方便、制备过程更为环保等优点,并且能够得到与化学合成方法性能相同甚至更好的产品,优势突出,是今后制备形状记忆高分子材料的一大趋势.本文从这些新型共混材料的制备过程、微观结构、形状记忆性能等角度详细分析了不同方法的特点和优势.这些近年来出现的共混制备方法对于形状记忆高分子材料的发展和未来应用将是至关重要的.
Shape memory polymers (SMPs), as a kind of intelligent material with outstanding characteristics and excellent performance, have high research and practical value. They are widely concerned by researchers all over the world. New preparation methods and material systems are emerging constantly. Has shown great potential for development.This paper summarizes the recent emergence of a variety of important preparation methods based on blending methods, including polymer and polymer melt blending, solution blending, with the help of compatibilizer or crosslinking agent Blended by the new micro-layer co-extrusion technology for alternate layered blending, and the use of electrospinning three-dimensional network structure blending, etc. Compared to the chemical synthesis method, the blending method has the advantages of easy operation, easy raw materials The advantages of high preparation efficiency, convenient product performance adjustment, more environmentally friendly preparation process, and the ability to obtain products with the same or better performance as the chemical synthesis methods have outstanding advantages and are a major trend in the future preparation of shape memory polymer materials. In this paper, from the perspective of preparation process, microstructure and shape memory properties of these new blended materials, The characteristics and advantages. These blends are prepared in recent years for the development of shape memory polymer materials and future applications will be crucial.