黄河是世界闻名的多泥沙河流,流域面积75万多平方公里,黄土高原位于流域的中、上游地区,其中水土流失面积43万平方公里。 这里长期因自然和社会因素的影响,土地利用极不合理,水土资源没有很好利用,干旱缺水,水土流失极为严重,平均每年泄入黄河泥沙16亿吨,下游河道淤积4亿吨,形成黄河中上游地区“越垦越穷,越穷越垦”和黄河下游大堤“越加越险,越险越加”的两个恶性循环,妨碍着黄土高原生产的发展,威胁着下游华北平原的安全。 The Yellow River is a world-famous multi-sediment river with a basin area of ​​more than 750,000 square kilometers. The Loess Plateau is located in the middle and upper reaches of the basin, with an area of ​​430,000 square kilometers of soil erosion. Long-term due to the impact of natural and social factors, land use is extremely unreasonable, land and water resources are not well utilized, drought and water loss, soil erosion is extremely serious, the average annual discharge of 1.6 billion tons of sediment in the Yellow River, downstream siltation 400 million tons, The formation of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River “reclamation of the poorer, poorer the more reclamation” and the Yellow River embankment “more and more dangerous, more dangerous more” two vicious circle, impede the development of the Loess Plateau, threatening the downstream North China Plain Security.