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目的分析河北省儿童伤害状况和危害程度,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法资料来源于秦皇岛市、藁城市各3家不同级别伤害监测哨点医院急诊室。对2006年1月1日至2010年12月31日首次就诊于哨点医院的儿童伤害病例资料进行分析。结果共收集10 738例伤害病例,男性多于女性,男女性别比为2.54∶1,男、女性别伤害原因构成的差异有统计学意义(χ2=259.72,P<0.01);前5位伤害病例的原因依次是跌倒或坠落(38.94%)、机动车车祸(19.04%)、钝器伤(18.69%)、刀或锐器伤(7.15%)和非机动车车祸(6.71%)。钝器伤是15~17岁年龄组的首位伤害原因;火器伤、烧烫伤、窒息或悬吊、溺水和中毒造成的伤害程度较重;伤害部位以头部为主;伤害发生时间有一定规律性;自残或自杀造成的伤害病例78.38%需观察或住院或转院。结论河北省2006-2010年儿童伤害以跌倒或坠落、机动车车祸和钝器伤为主,监测的儿童病例数随年龄的增加而增加。在儿童青少年中应积极开展伤害预防控制工作。
Objective To analyze the injury status and harm degree of children in Hebei Province and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods The data were collected from three different levels of post-traumatic point-of-care emergency hospitals in Qinhuangdao and Taocheng. Analysis of data on child injuries from first visit to a sentinel hospital from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010. Results A total of 10 738 cases of injuries were collected. There were more males and females than females, with a gender-to-females ratio of 2.54: 1. There were significant differences in the causes of injury between males and females (χ2 = 259.72, P <0.01) (38.94%), motor vehicle accident (19.04%), blunt injury (18.69%), knife or sharp injury (7.15%) and non-motor vehicle accident (6.71%) in turn. Blunt injury is the first cause of injury in the age group of 15 to 17 years; firearm injuries, burns, asphyxia or suspension, drowning and poisoning caused by a greater degree of injury; injuries to the head-based; there is a certain law of injury time 78.38% of cases of injury caused by self-mutilation or suicide need to be observed or hospitalized or transferred to hospital. Conclusion Child injuries in Hebei Province during 2006-2010 were mainly caused by falls or falls, motor vehicle accidents and blunt trauma, and the number of children monitored increased with increasing age. In children and adolescents should actively carry out injury prevention and control work.