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目的分析2014年某市居民主要恶性瘤疾病负担情况,为卫生行政部门制定肿瘤防治措施提供参考依据。方法对2014年某市居民主要恶性肿瘤发病和死亡病例资料进行统计分析,利用全球疾病负担研究中使用的专门公式计算恶性肿瘤的死亡损失生命年(YLL)、伤残损失年(YLD)和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)评价该地居民主要恶性肿瘤的疾病负担。结果该地居民由恶性肿瘤导致的疾病负担为每千人22.7251个DALYs,其中YLLs为17.2218,占75.78%,YLDs为5.5033,占24.22%。DALY前5位的恶性肿瘤为肝癌(26.59%)、肺癌(14.50%)、胃癌(7.91%)、宫颈癌(7.47%)、鼻咽癌(4.00%),占到该市居民全部恶性肿瘤疾病负担的60.47%。男性居民由恶性肿瘤导致的疾病负担为女性的1.70倍,肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、肠癌、白血病的DALYs男性高于女性,而鼻咽癌、胰腺癌、淋巴癌的DALYs女性高于男性,男性与女性DALY顺位有所不同。结论该市居民恶性肿瘤疾病负担主要由早死所致,肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、宫颈癌和鼻咽癌是恶性肿瘤防治的重点。
Objective To analyze the burden of major malignant neoplasm diseases in a city in 2014 and provide reference for the development of preventive and control measures for cancer by the administrative department of health. Methods A statistical analysis was made on the incidence of major malignant tumors and deaths in a city in 2014. YLL, YLD, and injuries were calculated using the special formula used in the global burden of disease study Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) evaluates the burden of disease on major malignancies in the area. Results The disease burden caused by malignant tumors was 22.7251 DALYs per 1000 population, of which, YLLs was 17.2218, accounting for 75.78% and YLDs was 5.5033, accounting for 24.22%. The top 5 malignant tumors in DALY were liver cancer (26.59%), lung cancer (14.50%), gastric cancer (7.91%), cervical cancer (7.47%) and nasopharyngeal cancer (4.00%), accounting for all malignant diseases Burden 60.47%. Male residents were 1.70 times more likely to suffer from malignant disease than women, with DALYs in liver cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, bowel cancer and leukemia than in women, while DALYs in NPC, pancreatic cancer and lymphoma were higher than in men and women And female DALY cis position is different. Conclusion The burden of cancer in residents in this city is mainly caused by premature death. Liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer are the focuses of prevention and treatment of malignant tumors.