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目的调查广西壮族自治区隆林县鼠疫自然疫源地鼠、蚤的组成与分布状况,并对鼠疫菌进行检测,为制定鼠疫防制对策提供依据。方法采用笼捕法捕获鼠并采集鼠体蚤,计算鼠体染蚤率和蚤指数;用粘蚤纸法捕获室内游离蚤,计算地面游离蚤指数;应用病原学和血清学检测鼠体等动物的鼠疫感染状况。结果该疫源地的啮齿动物共有2目3科11种,以黄胸鼠为优势鼠种;蚤类有6种,以印鼠客蚤为优势蚤种;平均鼠密度、平均鼠体染蚤率、平均蚤指数和印鼠客蚤指数分别为3.24%、27.09%、0.95和0.74,地面游离蚤指数为0.046;共培养鼠5398只,分离出10株鼠疫菌,用间接血凝试验检出2份阳性鼠血清和24份指示动物血清。结论隆林县存在黄胸鼠鼠疫自然疫源地,每年的4、10月是最适灭鼠期,2-10月是鼠疫监测的重点期。
Objective To investigate the composition and distribution of gopher and flea in the natural foci of plague in Longlin County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and to test the plague bacteria for the purpose of formulating the basis for the prevention and control of plague. Methods The rats were collected by the cage catching method and the fleas were collected. The flea flea rate and the flea index were calculated. Free flea was collected by viscous flea paper to calculate the free flea index on the ground. The etiological and serological tests Of the plague infection. Results There were 11 orders of 2 families, 3 families, 2 orders and 3 rodents in the foci of origin. Rattus flavipectus was the dominant species of rodents. There were 6 species of fleas, which were predatory fleas. The average rat density, The average flea index and the rat flea index were 3.24%, 27.09%, 0.95 and 0.74 respectively, and the index of free flea on the ground was 0.046. 5398 co-cultivated mice were isolated and 10 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated and detected by indirect hemagglutination 2 positive rat sera and 24 indicator animal sera. Conclusion Longlin County is the natural foci for the detection of the plague of Rattus flavipectus. It is the most suitable rodent period in April and October every year, and the most important period of plague surveillance is from February to October.