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目的通过对2006～2012年三明市麻疹流行特征及麻疹防控情况进行分析,为进一步消除麻疹提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学对三明市麻疹流行病学特征及监测情况进行分析。结果 2006～2012年三明市累计报告麻疹病例399例,年平均发病率2.17/10万。<15岁病例占58.90%,年龄别发病率以0岁最高,为21.85/10万;9岁、10～14岁次之,发病率分别为10.38/10万、10.13/10万;病例以学生、散居儿童、农民居多。399例病例中,无免疫史80.20%,免疫史不详5.51%。2009年采取麻疹疫苗强化免疫措施后,人群IgG抗体阳性率、GMT水平显著升高,麻疹年平均发病率较强化前下降97.83%。2006～2012年麻疹监测系统报告:麻疹排除发病率由0.91/10万上升2.48/10万,血清标本采集率由33.03%上升100%,实验室确诊比例由16.49%上升100%。结论扩大麻疹疫苗免疫覆盖率是控制和消除麻疹的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles and measles prevention and control in Sanming City from 2006 to 2012, so as to provide basis for further measles elimination. Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and surveillance of measles in Sanming City. Results A total of 399 measles cases were reported in Sanming City from 2006 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 2.17 / 100 000. <15 years old cases accounted for 58.90%, the age-specific morbidity at 0 years of age was the highest, 21.85 / 10 million; 9 years old, 10-14 years of age, the incidence rates were 10.38 / 100,000, 10.13 / 100,000; , Scattered children, mostly farmers. In 399 cases, there was no history of immunization 80.20% and no history of immunization 5.51%. After the measles vaccine immunization in 2009, the positive rate of human IgG antibody and GMT increased significantly, and the annual average incidence of measles decreased by 97.83% compared with the pre-intensified measles vaccine. The measles surveillance system from 2006 to 2012 reported that the incidence of measles elimination increased from 0.91 per 100 000 to 2.48 per 100 000, the percentage of serum samples collected increased from 33.03% to 100%, and the proportion of laboratory diagnoses increased from 16.49% to 100%. Conclusion Enlarging the immunization coverage of measles vaccine is the key to controlling and eliminating measles.