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为了研究世界优秀田赛项目运动员大赛竞技表现特征,从而为我国田赛项目运动员成功参赛提供理论与实践参考,运用文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法以及逻辑分析法,以北京世锦赛田赛远度项目运动员的竞技表现稳定性特征为研究对象,选取反映稳定性特征的成功率、变异系数(CV)、发挥率以及最优成绩出现轮次等指标为论域。研究结论 :1)总成功率女运动员要优于男运动员,各个轮次的成功率呈缓慢下降趋势,前3轮的成功率明显高于后3轮。2)男、女前3名与前8名运动员有效成绩之间均无显著性差异,投掷类项目成绩的波动幅度大于跳跃类项目。3)男、女田赛远度各个项目前8名运动员的发挥率均较高,其中男、女项目中发挥最好的项目为三级跳远和链球,发挥率最低的项目为女子铁饼;男子超水平发挥最好的项目为跳远、铅球,女子超水平发挥最好的项目为跳远和三级跳远等,超水平发挥率最低的项目为女子铁饼。4)运动员最优成绩出现轮次的总人数呈现跳跃式发展趋势,前3轮次达到最优成绩的人数多于后3轮,前3轮中最优成绩人数最多的轮次为第1轮,后3轮为第6轮次最多。
In order to study the athletics performance characteristics of the world outstanding field events athletes, so as to provide theoretical and practical reference for our field athletes to participate in the competition successfully. Using the methods of literature, video observation, mathematical statistics and logical analysis, The athletic performance stability characteristics of the athletes in the distance sport are the research objects. The success rate, the coefficient of variation (CV), the rate of play and the rounds of the best results are selected as the universe of discourse. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The total success rate of female athletes is better than that of male athletes, and the success rate of each round shows a slow downward trend. The success rate of the first three rounds is obviously higher than the last three rounds. 2) There is no significant difference between the male and female 3 and the top 8 athletes, and the throwing result is more volatile than the jumping athletes. 3) The performances of the top 8 athletes in each field of male and female field race are higher, among them, the best projects for men and women are triple jump and hammer throwing, and the lowest rate is female discus; men Super level play best project for long jump, shot put, women super level play the best items for long jump and triple jump and so on, the lowest level of super level play item for women discus. 4) The total number of rounds of the athletes with the best results presents a leaping trend. The number of people who achieved the best results in the first three rounds is more than the number of the third rounds. The round with the highest number of top three rounds is Round 1 , The last three rounds for the sixth round of the most.