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沃尔巴克氏体是无脊椎动物胞内专性寄生、可经卵传递的胞内革兰阴性共生菌。用沃尔巴克氏体控制蚊媒及蚊媒病的原理是基于其所诱导的胞质不相容性和对病原体的抗性。沃尔巴克氏体对蚊媒病原体具有广泛抗性,其直径大于蚊虫唾液腺管直径,不能通过蚊虫叮咬感染人体或哺乳动物;反复受到沃尔巴克氏体感染蚊虫叮咬的人血中未检测到抗沃尔巴克氏体抗体。沃尔巴克氏体仅在宿主细胞内生存,不能在培养基内和环境中独立生长;它不产生孢子,不含质粒,不随宿主死亡而分解扩散至环境;它不会横向传播至生活在同一生境中的其他节肢动物。捕食沃尔巴克氏体感染的蚊幼虫和成虫的节肢动物不能通过捕食而获得感染;基于沃尔巴克氏体的蚊媒和蚊媒病控制所产生的生物安全风险几乎可以忽略。
Wolbachia is an invertebrate intracellularly parasitic, intracellular Gram-negative commensal bacteria that can be delivered by egg. The principle of controlling mosquito vectors and mosquito-borne diseases with Wolbachia is based on the cytoplasmic incompatibility and pathogen resistance induced by them. Wolbachia is broadly resistant to mosquito-borne pathogens and has a diameter greater than the diameter of mosquito salivary glands and can not infect humans or mammals by mosquito bites; undetectable anti-human antibodies to bites repeatedly infected with Wolbachia Wolbachia antibodies. The Wolbachia body survives only in host cells and can not grow independently in the medium and in the environment; it does not produce spores, does not contain plasmids and does not disintegrate and diffuse into the environment without the death of the host; it does not propagate laterally to the same Other arthropods in habitats. Arthropods that prey on mosquito larvae and adult worms infected with Wolbachia can not acquire infection by predation; the risk of biosecurity due to the administration of mosquito vectors and mosquito vectors based on Wolbachia is almost negligible.