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目的探讨喂养方式和早期BMI增量与1岁婴幼儿超重和肥胖的关联。方法选取出生日期在2012年1~6月,定期进行儿童保健检查的婴幼儿作为研究对象,分别在出生、3个月、6个月、12个月对身高、体重进行测量,同时在《儿童保健管理健康检查表》上记录社会人口统计学和喂养情况等信息。最终,有完整资料的共1 113份,其中男孩590名,女孩523名。使用χ2检验、t检验、方差分析和多因素Logistic回归模型对数据进行分析。结果 1岁婴儿超重和肥胖的发生率分别为22.80%和6.20%。巨大儿、父母文化程度高、人工喂养、0~3个月和3~6个月BMI增量大的1岁超重和肥胖的检出率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。控制了多种混杂因素后,多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,4个月内纯母乳喂养是1岁时婴儿超重和肥胖的保护因素(OR=0.62,95%CI:0.42~0.92),较大的0~3个月BMI增量(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.39~1.67)和3~6个月BMI增量(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.27~1.61)是1岁婴儿超重和肥胖发生的危险因素。结论纯母乳喂养对婴幼儿超重及肥胖的发生有保护作用,而早期快速的增长是其危险因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between feeding patterns and early BMI increment and overweight and obesity in infants and young children aged 1 year. Methods The infants and young children whose birth date was from January to June in 2012 were selected as the research objects and measured their height and weight at birth, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months respectively. At the same time, Health Management Checklist "on the social demographic and feeding conditions and other information. In the end, there were 1,113 complete sets of information, of which 590 were boys and 523 girls. Data were analyzed using χ 2 test, t test, analysis of variance and multivariate logistic regression model. Results The incidence of overweight and obesity in 1-year-old infants was 22.80% and 6.20% respectively. The detection rate of 1-year-old overweight and obesity with high BMI increment at 0 ~ 3 months and 3 ~ 6 months was higher in giant children with high educational level of parents and in artificial feeding, the differences were statistically significant (P0.05) . After controlling for various confounders, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that exclusive breastfeeding within 4 months was the protective factor of overweight and obesity at 1 year (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42-0.92) Large BMI increase (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.39-1.67) and 3-6 months BMI (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.27-1.61) And risk factors for obesity. Conclusion Exclusive breastfeeding has a protective effect on overweight and obesity in infants and young children, while early and rapid growth is the risk factor.