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有不少人认为,运动员天天“锻炼”身体,体格都很健壮,身体抵抗疾病的能力也一定很强。这是一种错误的印象。根据一些有关的调查研究发现,一般体育锻炼性质的活动,对人体健康状况的提高确实有促进作用,使人体的免疫系统(包括细胞免疫和体液免疫)机能水平提高。但是剧烈运动(如长时间大运动量、大强度训练)却会对人体免疫系统产生一些不良影响,包括使白细胞数减少、白细胞吞噬能力下降、免疫球蛋白数量减少等,这使运动员的抵抗力下降。因此,教练员要与医生配合,重视运动员中疾病的预防和治疗工作,不可对一些“头疼脑热的小病”掉以轻心。
Many people think that athletes “exercise” the body every day, physically strong, and their body’s ability to resist the disease must also be very strong. This is a false impression. According to some related research, it is found that the activities of the general physical activity do promote the improvement of human health and enhance the function of the body’s immune system (including cellular immunity and humoral immunity). However, strenuous exercise (such as prolonged exercise and intensive training) may have some adverse effects on the human immune system, including decreased white blood cell count, decreased leukocyte phagocytosis, decreased immunoglobulin number, etc., which reduces the resistance of athletes . Therefore, coaches should cooperate with doctors and attach great importance to the prevention and treatment of diseases among athletes. They should not be taken lightly in regard to some minor headaches and brain disorders.