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在耐震性方面,滚动軸承虽比滑动軸承略差,但近年来由于不断改进設計(例如减薄內外圈厚度、加大滾动体的直徑和增加其数目、减少軸承間隙等),以及它本身具有高低速的可变范圍、摩擦力矩小、采用标准設計軸承时可以簡化設計过程、制造費用低、保养方便、在加以适当預压后可提高旋轉精度和負載等优点,因此它在高精度机床的主軸中仍被广泛采用。但設計滾动軸承时亦有許多值得考虑之处,本文簡略地叙述一些影响因素并以各国学者的一些研究成果来补充說明,以作提高精密机床质量的参考。
In terms of shock resistance, although the rolling bearing slightly worse than the sliding bearings, but in recent years due to continuous improvement of design (such as thinning the thickness of the outer and the outer ring, increasing the diameter and increase the number of rolling elements to reduce the bearing clearance, etc.), as well as itself With high and low speed variable range, small friction torque, the standard design of the bearing can simplify the design process, low manufacturing costs, easy maintenance, after appropriate pre-pressure can increase the accuracy and load rotation, etc., so it is high-precision machine tools The spindle is still widely used. However, there are many considerations when designing rolling bearings. This article briefly describes some influencing factors and supplements them with some research achievements of scholars in various countries to improve the quality of precision machine tools.