在临床工作中,随着广谱抗生素的大量使用,伪膜性肠炎(PMC)的发病率逐年提高。难辨梭状芽孢杆菌是其主要致病菌,通过粪-口途径传播,其主要临床表现为轻重不一的腹泻。PMC可通过临床症状、实验室检查、内镜检查等手段进行早期诊断,并进行早期积极治疗以预防其反复发作。目前其微生态治疗,尤其是难辨梭状芽孢杆菌疫苗的研制将会成为PMC治疗新的研究方向。 In clinical work, with the extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the incidence of pseudomembranous enteritis (PMC) increased year by year. Clostridium difficile is its main pathogen, spread through the fecal - oral route, the main clinical manifestations of varying degrees of diarrhea. PMC through clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, endoscopy and other means of early diagnosis, and early active treatment to prevent its recurrence. At present, its microbiological treatment, especially the development of Clostridium difficile vaccine will become a new research direction of PMC treatment.