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按照世界卫生组织 (WHO)统一设计的调查表 ,由卫生专业人员对山东省某村农民近一年农药接触和中毒状况进行入户调查。所调查的 12 1户 464人中 ,农业劳动力 2 3 6人 ,接触农药 15 7人。每户使用商品化液体农药 5 0 0 0～ 10 0 0 0ml ,固体农药 2 0 0～ 5 0 0g ,户均喷洒农药 8次 ,人均 6次 ,主要集中在 6～ 9月份。接触的农药以有机磷和杀虫双为主 ,喷洒农药后患病或出现不良反应的有 5 4人 ,以皮肤、神经系统和胃肠道症状多见 ,其中 2 5人接受治疗。根据WHO农药中毒流行病学调查方案中的病例定义 ,符合急性有机磷中毒 6例、可疑农药中毒 3 5例、农药引起的接触性皮炎 13例
According to the unified design questionnaire of World Health Organization (WHO), health professionals conducted household surveys on pesticide exposure and poisoning status of farmers in a certain village in Shandong Province in the past year. Of the 461 households surveyed in 12 1, 236 were agricultural laborers and 15 7 were exposed to pesticides. Each household used commercial liquid pesticides from 5 0 0 to 10 0 0 ml and solid pesticides from 2 0 0 to 5 0 0 g. The average pesticide was sprayed 8 times per household, 6 times per capita, mainly in June to September. The pesticides in contact were dominated by organophosphorus pesticides and pesticides. There were 54 patients who were sick or had adverse reactions after pesticide spraying. The skin, nervous system and gastrointestinal symptoms were more common, of which 25 were treated. According to WHO epidemiological survey of pesticide programs in the definition of case, in line with acute organophosphate poisoning in 6 cases, 35 cases of suspected pesticide poisoning, pesticide-induced contact dermatitis in 13 cases