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为提高充电站运营的经济性和电网接纳电动汽车充电的积极性,提出集中性充–换电系统的运营优化方案。在设计供应链时,采用C型闭环供应链,明确了系统运营经济性、电网影响与运营计划间的关系;在运营优化时,基于用户行为特性、电池充电特性和计及配送周期的配送模型,以用户的换电需求、充电设施和负荷峰值等为约束,通过优化站内电池的接入充电计划,实现负荷波动的平抑和电池数量的减少;随后提出适用于电池接入优化的约束多目标整数差分进化算法。并与非控制充电、填谷充电、其他算法、不同配送计划和负荷曲线下的结果进行对比,验证了所提出模型和算法的有效性和适用性。
In order to improve the economy of the charging station operation and the enthusiasm of the grid to accept the charging of the electric vehicle, a solution for operation optimization of the centralized charging and discharging system is proposed. In the design of the supply chain, the C-type closed-loop supply chain is adopted to clarify the relationship between system operation economics, grid influence and operation plans. At the time of operation optimization, a distribution model based on user behavior, battery charging characteristics and taking into account the distribution cycle , The user’s power demand, charging facilities and load peaks as the constraint, by optimizing the station’s battery charging program to achieve the stability of the load fluctuations and reduce the number of batteries; then proposed for the battery access to optimize the constraints of multi-target Integer Difference Evolutionary Algorithm. Compared with the results of uncontrolled charging, valley filling, other algorithms, different delivery plans and load curves, the validity and applicability of the proposed model and algorithm are verified.