一、前言天津港实华原油码头(以下简称“原油码头”)主要负责环渤海地区中国石化集团下属四家大型炼油企业的进口原油接卸任务,接卸的主要是中东和西非原油,有少量的远东、东亚原油。近年来,由于各种原因造成的船舶滞期费比较高,2011年和2012年分别达到648万美元和560万美元。船舶滞期使得原油采购企业成本增加,船舶运输效率降低,既损害了原油采购企业和 I. Introduction Tianjin Port Shihua Crude Oil Terminal (hereinafter referred to as “Crude Oil Terminal”) is mainly responsible for the import and discharge of imported crude oil from four large-scale oil refineries under the Sinopec Group in the Bohai Rim Region. The major ports of loading and unloading are the Middle East and West Africa crude oil, A small amount of Far Eastern, East Asian crude oil. In recent years, the demurrage of ships due to various reasons has been relatively high, reaching US $ 6.48 million and 5.6 million in 2011 and 2012 respectively. The demurrage of ships makes the cost of crude oil purchasing enterprises increase and the efficiency of shipping reduces. It not only harms the crude oil purchasing enterprises and