1.引言我国历史文化悠久,历史文化城、镇、村数量众多,类型丰富,是各地地方精神、传统文化、民俗风情、建筑艺术的真实写照,是先人留给我们的宝贵遗产。在城镇化快速发展的今天,大量的历史文化聚落濒临消失,这种现象也引起了国内专家学者的高度重视。但是如何协调保护与发展之间的矛盾也日益成为我国历史文化城镇聚落保护的首要问题之一。这需要我们反思我们的保护目的。笔者认为,对于文化遗产,保护应该是广义的文化传承,而非狭义的遗产保存;发展是广义的文化延续,而非狭义的遗产效益。保护与发展的矛盾更多的是狭义的保存与当地经济效益之 1. Introduction China has a long history and culture. The large number of historical and cultural cities, towns and villages and rich types are the true portrayal of local spirits, traditional cultures, folk customs and architectural arts all over the country and are valuable legacy left by our ancestors. In the rapid development of urbanization today, a large number of historical and cultural settlements on the verge of disappearing, this phenomenon has also attracted the attention of domestic experts and scholars. However, how to coordinate the contradiction between protection and development has increasingly become one of the most important issues in the protection of the settlement of historical and cultural towns in China. This requires us to reflect on our protection. The author believes that for the cultural heritage, the protection should be a broad cultural heritage, rather than a narrow sense of preservation of the preservation of the development of the broader cultural continuity, rather than narrow sense of the heritage benefits. The contradiction between protection and development is more of a narrow conservation and local economic benefits