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为研究玉米品种在年份间和地域间正常成熟所需积温特征及其对当地积温的利用效率,以广适性品种郑单958为试验材料,2007—2009年在我国东北春播玉米区(40°—48°N),累计布置28个试验区,开展了55点次的玉米生长发育与产量表现联网试验.结果表明:我国东北春播玉米种植区的气象条件差异较大,在同一试验区,不同年份玉米完成整个生育进程所需积温差异不显著(P>0.1);在同一年份,不同试验区所需积温呈极显著差异(P<0.001),其中从播种至出苗阶段地区间相对差异最大,其次是吐丝至成熟阶段,出苗至吐丝阶段差异最小.郑单958成熟度与研究区热量条件显著相关,当地积温的利用效率与纬度呈极显著的线性回归关系;该品种在生长季>3000℃活动积温的地区属于安全种植带,小于该值的地区将受到不能正常成熟的威胁.在一定气候条件下,玉米品种对积温的需求相对稳定.受热量条件的影响,在玉米品种自我生理反应调节下,地区间各生长发育时期所需积温差异显著.
In order to study the accumulated temperature characteristics of maize varieties and their utilization efficiency to the local accumulated temperature during the year and the region, the wide variety Zhengdan 958 was used as the experimental material. From 2007 to 2009, -48 ° N), a total of 28 experimental plots were arranged to carry out a 55-point network experiment on the growth and development of maize and yield performance.The results showed that the weather conditions in the sowing areas of spring sowing in northeast China differed greatly and were different in the same experimental area There was no significant difference in accumulated temperature (P> 0.1) between maize and corn in the whole growing process. In the same year, the accumulated temperature required for different experimental areas was significantly different (P <0.001) Followed by silking to maturity stage, with the smallest difference in emergence to silking stage.The maturity of Zhengdan 958 was significantly correlated with the caloric conditions in the study area, and the utilization efficiency of local accumulated temperature had a very significant linear regression relationship with latitude. The active accumulative temperature zone of 3000 ℃ belongs to the safe zone, and the area below this value will not be able to mature normally. Under certain climatic conditions, the maize variety has a relatively stable demand for accumulated temperature. Under the condition of self-physiological response of maize varieties, the difference in accumulated temperature required for growth and development between regions was significant.