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目的 研究广州中药材市场蝠鲼鳃的种类来源.方法 采用DNA条形码技术获得了广州清平中药材市场13家商铺的31份蝠鲼鳃样品的COI基因序列,对其进行了系统发育分析.结果中药材市场销售的蝠鲼鳃来自日本蝠鲼(Mobula japanica)、褐背蝠鲼(Mo.tarapacana)、印度蝠鲼(Mo.thurstoni)和双吻前口蝠鲼(Manta birostris),4个种类的检出比例分别为41.9％、22.6％、3.2％和32.3％.结论在缺少形态学数据的情况下,DNA条形码技术能够有效对蝠鲼鳃进行种类溯源.印度蝠鲼较低的检出率可能暗示其种群数量在中国已经较少.研究结果也在一定程度上澄清了中国海蝠鲼科的种类组成.“,”Objective To study the species sources of the mobulid gill rakers in the Chinese medicine market in Guangzhou.Methods A total of 31 samples of mobulid gill rakers from 13 retail stores in Qingping Chinese medicine market,Guangzhou,were analyzed using DNA barcoding method based on COI gene.The DNA sequences were further used for phylogenetic analysis.Results These samples were derived from three devil ray (Mobula japonica,Mo.tarapacana and Mo.thurstoni) and one manta ray (Manta birostris).The gill rakers sold in markets were dominated by Mo.japonica and Ma.birostris,accounting for 41.9％ and 32.3％ of all collected samples,respectively.Mo.thurstoni was relatively rare,with only one sample identified.Conclusion DNA barcoding could effectively provide a reliable method for species identification and traceability when the morphological data was unavailable.The low occurrence of Mo.thurstoni in markets suggested that its population size might be small.Furthermore,the results could clarify the species composition of Mobulidae in China seas to some extent.